Changes for page Amadee-24-Genes4Mars

Last modified by Hermann Hinterhauser on 2024/03/26 12:01

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--Amadee-24-GeoPrep
++Amadee-24-Genes4Mars

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  === Details ===
--|**Acronym**|GeoPrep
--|**Description**|Geo-sampling selection and curation within habitat; performing a petrological analysis with simple tools (incl. cutting / polishing samples), microscopy optical/Raman/IR; post mission lab analysis.
--|**Principal Investigator (PI)**|Dominik Jäger ~| [[dominik.jaeger@uibk.ac.at>>mailto:dominik.jaeger@uibk.ac.at]]
--|**Organisation** |University of Innsbruck
++|**Acronym**|Genes4Mars
++|**Description**|Astronaut performance and health monitoring with automated ECG andinvestigation of the changes in health-risk-associated gene expression patterns in blood and urine samples of astronauts.
++|**Principal Investigator (PI)**|Dr. Arsen Arakelyan ~| [[arsen.arakelyan@rau.am>>mailto:arsen.arakelyan@rau.am]]
++|**Organisation** |Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University; Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA
  |**Co-Investigators**|(((
--Bastian Joachim-Mrosko, University of Innsbruck, Geology Department
--
--Jürgen Konzett, University of Innsbruck, Geology Department
++Karen Avetisyan | [[avetisyan2016@gmail.com>>mailto:avetisyan2016@gmail.com]]
  )))
  === Summary ===
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  [[image:ACT_manifest.png||height="266" width="399"]]
  )))
--The analysis of rock samples allows us to unravel the history of a terrestrial planet. This includes its accretion, the tectonic and magmatic processes that shape its interior, and the processes that shape its surface morphological features. In addition, rock samples can preserve information about the evolution of a planet’s atmosphere and hold clues to the former presence of a biosphere, the nature of its various ecosystems and possible causes of its demise. In case of Mars, the planet’s major surface morphological features testify to an extensive history of volcanic activity and provide strong evidence for the former presence of large bodies of liquid water.
++Long-term space missions are known to be associated with health risks to astronauts because of environmental factors, such as radiation, microgravity, and lasting isolation. These risks could be more aggravating during spaceexplorationmissions, e.g.to Mars, especially with limited access to healthcare facilities. It is suspected that space flights and planetary missions could have performance degradation and negative effects on the cardiovascular health of the crew.Therefore, the development of biomarker-based and physiological predictors of health risks for the assessment of physiological conditions is of vital importance.
--The GeoPrep experiment is designed to prepare a rock sample for a first microscopic examination. This will improve the selection process of samples on other planets which will be sent back to Earth by integrating the results into a decision-making process aimed at selecting the suitable samples.
++The main objective of Genes4Mars is a retrospective investigation of changes inrisk-associated gene expression patterns in blood and urine samples from the Analog Astronauts. It will also investigate how well automated electrocardiogram (ECG)analysis can be used to monitor astronaut performanceduring planetary missions, and whether ECG can be used as a surrogate marker for dynamic changes in cardiacfunction-related genes. The members of the flight crew could be considered as a case group and the back-up flight crew members could function as a control group. The samples will be collected from each participant at multiple time points pre-, during and past-mission and will be analysed after the mission is completed. RNA will be extracted from the samples immediately upon their transfer to the lab and analysed for up-or downregulated genes. Additionally, 12-lead and single-lead ECGs of each participant should be taken one week prior to the start of the mission and each day before and after field assignments outside the habitat. After the end of the mission, the data will be analysed using deep learning methods and pre-trained models to detect heart pathologies. Correlation and regression analysis will be used to find the association between gene expression and physiological parameters.
--GeoPrep will investigate whether it is possible to set up a rock sample preparation facility in a Martian field lab using as simple a technical and operational approach as possible to produce thin sections of different materials. The experiment will also show if this facility can be operated by an analog astronaut with no previous knowledge about rock sample preparation.
++
--To realize this experiment, a sample of appropriate size will be collected in an inflatable glove bag, to avoid contamination. After cleaning, a piece of that sample will be cut off and examined using a petrographic microscope. The quality of the sample aswell as to what extent it can be analyzed using different techniques will also be studied.
--
  === Experiment Data ===